இஸ்ரோவின் இன்னொரு சாதனை!

ஒரே சமயத்தில் 20 செயற்கைக்கோள்களை பிஎஸ்எல்வி ராக்கெட் விண்ணில் பாய்ச்சியுள்ளது. இந்திய விண்வெளி ஆய்வுக் கழகமான இஸ்ரோவின் சாதனைகளுக்கு மேலும் ஒரு மகுடம்! 320 டன் எடையுள்ள நமது ராக்கெட் 1,228 கிலோ எடை கொண்ட செயற்கைக்கோள்களைச் செலுத்துதியது. அவற்றில் இந்தோனேஷியா, ஜெர்மனி, கனடா, அமெரிக்கா நாடுகளை சேர்ந்த 17 செயற்கைக் கோள்களும், சென்னை சத்தியபாமா பல்கலைக்கழக மாணவர்கள் தயாரித்த சத்யபாமா சாட், புணே கல்லூரி மாணவர்கள் தயாரித்த ஸ்லயம் உள்ளிட்ட செயற்கைக்கோள்களும் உள்ளன.
இந்த 20-ல் முக்கியமானது இந்தியாவின் ‘கார்டோசாட் 2சி’. இது பூமியிலிருந்து 505 கி.மீ. உயரத்தில் சுற்றி பூமியைக் கண்காணிக்கும். இது பூமியைச் சுற்றிவரும்போது அதன் பின்புறத்தில் சூரியன் இருக்கும். சூரியஒளி படுகிற பூமிப் பகுதியின் மேலேதான் இந்த செயற்கைக்கோள் செல்லும். இதன் காரணமாக பூமியை நிழல் விழாமல் எளிதாகப் புகைப்படம் எடுக்கும். நாட்டின் எல்லைகளைக் கண்காணிக்கும். பேரிடர் காலங்களில் நிவாரணப் பணிகளுக்கும் உதவும்.
சீனா 2014-ல் ஒரு செயற்கைக்கோளை 0.65 மீட்டர் பிரிதிறன் (Resolution) கொண்ட கேமராவோடு ஏவியது. அதற்குச் சமமானது இப்போது நாம் அனுப்பியுள்ள செயற்கைக்கோள். அதனால், நாட்டின் எல்லைகளில் வேற்றுநாட்டுப் படைகளின் நடமாட்டத்தைத் தரமான புகைப்படங்களாகவும் வீடியோக்களாகவும் நம்மால் பார்க்க முடியும். இது மட்டுமல்லாமல், இஸ்ரோ சத்தமில்லாமல் ஒரு ‘சதம்’ அடித்துவிட்டது. இதோடு இஸ்ரோ அனுப்பிய செயற்கைக்கோள்களின் எண்ணிக்கை 100-ஐ தாண்டி 113 ஆக உயர்ந்துவிட்டது!
மூன்றாம் உலக சாதனை 
அமெரிக்கா 29 செயற்கைக்கோள்களை ஒரே நேரத்தில் விண்ணில் செலுத்தி 2013-ல் உலக சாதனை படைத்தது. அந்த 29-ல் ஒன்றைத் தவிர, மற்றவை ‘கியூப்சாட்’ எனப்படும் மிகச் சிறிய செயற்கைக்கோள்கள். ரஷ்யா 2014-ல் ஒரே சமயத்தில் 33 செயற்கைக்கோள்களை ஏவி நாசாவின் அந்தச் சாதனையை முறியடித்தது. இப்போது 20 செயற்கைக்கோள்களை ஒரே நேரத்தில் ஏவியதன் மூலம் வானியல் வரலாற்றில் இந்தியாவின் சாதனை மூன்றாம் இடத்தைப் பிடிக்கிறது. இதற்கு முன் இந்தியா 2008-ல் ஒரே ராக்கெட்டில் 10 செயற்கைக்கோள்களை ஏவியதே முந்தைய சாதனை.
பள்ளியில் மணி அடித்ததும் எல்லா பிள்ளைகளும் ஒரே சமயத்தில் வெளியே ஓட முயல்வார்கள். அதனால் நெரிசல் ஏற்படும். தள்ளுமுள்ளு ஏற்படும் அல்லவா? அதுபோலவே 20 செயற்கைக்கோள்களையும் ஒரே சமயத்தில் விண்வெளியில் உந்தித் தள்ளினால், அவை ஒன்றுடன் ஒன்று மோதி சுக்குநூறாகி விடலாம். எனவே, ஒவ்வொரு செயற்கைக்கோளையும் வெவ்வேறு ஒப்புதிசை வேகத்திலும் (relative velocity) வெவ்வேறு திசையிலும் ஏவ வேண்டும். இது சொல்வதற்கு எளிது. ஆனால், இது பெரும் தொழில்நுட்ப சவால்.
சர்க்கஸ் வித்தை 
சைக்கிளில் இரண்டு பக்கமும் கட்டிய பானைகளில் ஒன்று விழுந்துவிட்டால் பாலன்ஸ் தவறும் அல்லவா? அதுபோலவே, 20 செயற்கைக்கோள்களை ஒன்றாகப் பொட்டலம் செய்து அனுப்பியதும், அதிலிருந்து ஒன்றிரண்டு செயற்கைக்கோள்கள் வெளியேறினால் ராக்கெட்டின் ஈர்ப்பு மையம் (center of gravity) மாறும். சைக்கிள் மாதிரி ராக்கெட்டும் நிலைகுலையும். அதுபோல செயற்கைக்கோள்களை வெளியே தள்ளும்போது, அவை ஒன்றுடன் ஒன்று விண்வெளியில் மோதிவிடக் கூடாது. எனவே, அவற்றைப் பல திசைகளின் கோணங்களில் பல்வேறு திசைகளில் உந்துதல் கொடுத்து வெளியேற்ற வேண்டும். கண நேரமும் பிசகாமல் துல்லியமாக அனைத்துச் செயல்களும் ஒரு சர்க்கஸ் வித்தைபோல நடைபெற வேண்டும்.
ராக்கெட் விண்ணில் சீறிப் பாய்ந்த 17-வது நிமிடத்தில் சுமார் 515 கி.மீ. உயரத்தில் முதலில் ‘கார்டோசாட்’ விண்ணில் உந்தப்படும். அடுத்து, ‘சத்யபாமாசாட்’ சுமார் முப்பது நொடிகள் இடைவெளி விட்டு ஏவப்படும். இவ்வாறு வரிசையாக எல்லா விண்கலங்களும் விண்ணில் செலுத்தப்பட்டு, அமெரிக்காவின் ‘பன்னிரண்டாவது டோவ்’ விண்கலம் கடைசியாக விண்ணில் உந்தப்படும். இவை அத்தனையும் மூன்று நிமிடக் கால அவகாசத்துக்குள் நடந்து முடிய வேண்டும். ராக்கெட் இந்தக் காலகட்டத்தில் வெறும் நான்கு கி.மீ. தூரம் மட்டுமே மேலே சென்றிருக்கும். இந்த இடைவெளியில் செயல்பட அசாத்திய துல்லியம் தேவை.
‘ஒயிட் போர்டு’ துணிச்சல் 
இன்னொரு துணிச்சலையும் இஸ்ரோ செய்துபார்க்கப் போகிறது. பல செயற்கைக்கோள்கள் பொதுவாக ஒரே உயரத்தில் விண்ணில் ஏவப்படுகின்றன. இந்த முறையும் எல்லா செயற்கைக்கோள்களும் சுமார் 520 கி.மீ. உயரத்தில் செலுத்தப்படும். ஒருவேளை.. ஒரு செயற்கைக்கோளை 200 கி.மீ. உயரத்திலும் வேறொன்றை 400 கி.மீ. உயரத்திலும் மூன்றாவதை 600 கி.மீ. உயரத்திலும் செலுத்த வேண்டும் என்றால் என்ன செய்வது? இதற்கும் தயாராகிவருகிறது இஸ்ரோ. இதுவரை ‘பாயின்ட் டு பாயின்ட்’ பஸ் மாதிரி ராக்கெட் செயல்படுகிறது. அதை ஒயிட் போர்டு பஸ் மாதிரி நிறுத்தி நிறுத்தி இயக்கப்போகிறார்கள். பலதரப்பட்ட உயரங்களில் வேறுவேறு செயற்கைக்கோள்களைச் செலுத்த வேண்டும் என்றால், ராக்கெட்டின் இன்ஜினை நிறுத்தி நிறுத்தி திரும்ப ஸ்டார்ட் செய்ய வேண்டும். இது துணிச்சலான ஒரு தொழில்நுட்ப சவால். மறுபடியும் ஸ்டார்ட் செய்யும்போது, ராக்கெட்டின் இன்ஜின் நொடியில் ஆயிரம் பகுதி அளவுக்குக்கூடத் தாமதிக்காமல் தவறாமல் ஸ்டார்ட் ஆக வேண்டும். 2015 டிசம்பர் 16-ல் சிங்கப்பூரின் ஆறு செயற்கைக் கோள்களை விண்வெளியில் ஏவும்போது இன்ஜினை நிறுத்தி, நான்கு நிமிடம் கழித்து மறுபடி இயக்கி ஏற்கெனவே இந்தியா பரிசோதித்துள்ளது. அதன் வெற்றியால் உற்சாகம் அடைந்துதான், இந்த முறை இரண்டு முறை இன்ஜினை நிறுத்தி மறுபடி இயக்க இஸ்ரோ துணிந்துள்ளது.
தோல்வி காணாத பிஎஸ்எல்வி 
இந்தியாவின் பிஎஸ்எல்வி ராக்கெட் தொடர்ந்து 35 முறை தோல்வியே இல்லாமல் வேலை செய்துள்ளது. 1,000 அல்லது 1,500 கிலோ எடையுள்ள செயற்கைக்கோள்களை 1,200 கி.மீ. உயரத்துக்கு ஏவ பிஎஸ்எல்வி ராக்கெட்டால் முடியும். மேலும், இது விலை மலிவானது.
இந்தியா 1999-ல் கொரியா மற்றும் ஜெர்மனியின் செயற்கைக்கோள்களை ஏவி இத்துறையில் தனது வணிகத்தைத் தொடங்கியது. இதுவரை அந்நிய நாடுகளின் 57 செயற்கைக்கோள்களை நாம் ஏவியுள்ளோம். இந்திய ராக்கெட்டை அமெரிக்க நிறுவனங்கள் பயன்படுத்தக் கூடாது என, அமெரிக்க தனியார் விண்வெளி நிறுவனங்கள் நிர்ப்பந்திக்கின்றன. இந்தியாவின் ராக்கெட் விலை மலிவாக இருப்பதால், இந்த ராக்கெட்டில் கூகுள் நிறுவனத்தின் செயற்கைக்கோள் உட்பட 13 அமெரிக்கச் செயற்கைக்கோள்கள் செலுத்தப் படுகின்றன. நேற்றைய வெற்றி இந்தியாவுக்கு உண்மையில் பல வெற்றிகளைக் கொடுத்திருக்கிறது!
- த.வி.வெங்கடேஸ்வரன், அறிவியல் எழுத்தாளர், மத்திய அரசின் விக்யான் பிரச்சார் மையத்தின் முதுநிலை விஞ்ஞானி.

INDIA - AT A GLANCE

INDIA - AT A GLANCE

Ø India lies at the north of the equator between 8° 4' and 37° 6' north latitude and 68° 7' and 97° 25' east longitude.

Ø Tt is bounded on the South West by the Arabian Sea & on the South East by the Bay of Bengal.

Ø On the North, North East & North West lie the Himalayan ranges. The southern tip, Kanyakumari is washed by the Indian Ocean.

Ø India measures 3214 km from North to South & 2933 km from east to west with a total land area of 3,287,263 sq.km. It has a land frontier of 15,200 km & a coastline of 7516.5 km. Andaman & Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal & Lakshadweep in the Arabian Sea are parts of India.

Ø India shares its political borders with Pakistan and Afghanistan on the West and Bangladesh and Burma on the East. The Northern boundary is made up of the Sinkiang province of China, Tibet, Nepal and Bhutan.

India has Seven major Physiographic regions

1. Northern Mountains including the Himalayas and mountain ranges in the North-East.
2. The Indo-Gangetic plain
3. Central Highlands
4. Peninsular plateau
5. East Coast
6. West Coast
7. Bordering seas and islands.

India has Seven principal Mountain ranges

1. the Himalayas
2. the Patkai and other ranges bordering India in the North & North East
3. the Vindhyas, which separate the Indo-Gangetic plain from the Deccan Plateau
4. the Satpura
5. the Aravalli
6. the Sahayadri, which covers the Eastern fringe of the West Coast plains and
7. the Eastern Ghats, irregularly scattered on the East Coast and, forming the boundary of the East Coast plains.

Himalayas, the highest mountain - system in the world, is also one of the world's youngest mountain ranges.

National EMBLEM

The State Emblem of India is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Asoka as preserved in the Sarnath Museum. The Government adopted the emblem on 26th January, 1950, the day when India became a

Republic.

In the State Emblem adopted by the Government, only three lions are visible, the fourth being hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the centre of the abacus with a bull on the right and a horse on the left and the outlines of the other wheels on the extreme right and left.

The bell-shaped lotus has been omitted. The Words, Saytameva Jayate from the Mundaka Upanishad meaning ‘Truth alone triumphs’ are inscribed below the abacus in Devanagari script.

National FLAG

The National Flag is a horizontal tri-colour of deep saffron (Kesari) at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is two to three. In the centre of white band is a wheel, in navy blue, which represents the Charkha (Khadi Spinning Wheel). Its design is that of the wheel (Chakra) which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Asoka. Its diameter approximates the width of the white band. It has 24 spokes.

The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22nd July, 1947. Its use and display are regulated by a code. Rabindranath Tagore’s song, Jana-gana-mana was adopted by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24th January 1950. The first stanza (out of 5 stanzas) of the song, forms the National Anthem.

National Calendar

The Saka year has the normal 365 days and begins with Chaitra as its first month. The days of the Saka calendar have permanent correspondence with the dates of the Gregorian Calendar, Chaitra 1 falling on March 22 in a normal year and on March 21 in a Leap Year. The National Calendar commenced on Chaitra 1 Saka, 1879 corresponding to March 22, 1957 A.D.

NATIONAL ANIMAL : TIGER

NATIONAL GAME : HOCKEY

NATIONAL FLOWER: LOTUS

NATIONAL BIRD : PEACOCK

National Song

Bankim Chandra Chatterjee’s Vande Mataram which was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom, has an equal status with Janagana-mana. The first political occasion on which it was sung was the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress.

India-Religious Communities

The major religious communities of India are the Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains and Parsis.

RELIGIOUS BOOKS

Hindus Four Vedas, The Bhagwad Gita, The Ramayana, The Puranas, The Mahabharat, The Upanishads, The Ramcharitmanas

Muslims The Holy Quran

Sikhs Guru Granth Sahib

Christians The Bible Parsis Zend Avesta

India - Principal Languages

India has 18 officially recognised languages (Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali were added to the official list of 15 in 1992). The 1961 and 1971 census had listed 1652 languages as mother tongues spoken in India. The Indian languages of today have evolved from different language families.

They may be grouped into 6 groups as under :

1. Negroid
2. Austric
3. Sino-Tibetan
4. Dravidian
5. Indo-Aryan
6. Other Speeches.

These languages have interacted on one another through the centuries and have produced the major linguistic divisions of modern India. Among the major groups, the Aryan and the Dravidan are the dominating families. Indo-Aryan, the Indic branch of the Indo-European family, came into India with the Aryans. It is the biggest of the language groups in India, accounting for about 74 % of the entire Indian population. The important languages in this group are : Western Punjabi, Sindhi, Eastern Punjabi, Hindi, Bihari, Rajasthani, Gujarati, Marathi, Assamese, Bengali, Oriya, Pahari, Kashmiri and Sanskrit. Sankrit, the classical language of India, represents the highest achievement of the Indo-Aryan languages. Although hardly spoken now-a-days, Sanskrit has been listed a nationally accepted language in the VIII Schedule to the Constitution. Dravidian languages form a group by themselves, and unlike the Aryan, Austric or Sino- Tibetan speeches, have no relations outside the Indian subcontinent, that is, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The Dravidian family is the second largest group in India, covering about 25% of the total Indian population. The Dravidian language came into India centuries before the Indo-Aryan.

The outstanding languages of the Dravidian groups are :

a) Telugu, the State language of Andhra Pradesh, numerically the biggest of the Dravidian languages

b) Tamil, the State language of Tamil Nadu, apparently the oldest and purest branch of the Dravidian family

c) Kannada, the State language of Karnataka, another ancient Dravidian language that has developed individually

d) Malayalam, the State language of Kerala, the smallest and the youngest of the Dravidian family.

Of the 1652 mother tongues listed in the census, 33 are spoken by people numbering over a lakh. With independence, the question of a common language naturally came up.

The Constituent Assembly could not arrive at a consensus in the matter. The question was put to vote and Hindi won on a single vote-the casting vote of the President. Hindi however was only one of the many regional languages of India.

The Indian National Congress had advocated the formation of linguistic provinces. The acceptance of this policy involved the statutory recognition of all the major regional languages. The Constitution therefore recognised Hindi in Devanagari script as the official language of the Union (Art.343) and the regional languages as the official langugaes of the States concerned (Art.345).

English was recognised as the authoritative legislative and judicial language (Art 348). The 8^th Schedule was added to the Constitution to indicate all regional languages statutarily recognised.

The Schedule originally contained 15 languages as follows :

1. Assamese
2. Bengali
3. Gujarati
4. Hindi
5. Kannada
6. Kashmiri
7. Malayalam
8. Marathi
9. Oriya
10. Punjabi
11. Sanskrit
12. Tamil
13. Telugu
14. Urdu
15. Sindhi.

By the 71st Amendment to the Constitution, Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali were added to the list in 1992. Hindi, numerically the biggest of the Indo-Aryan family is the official language of the Government of India. This was originally spoken in Delhi and some Western UP districts. Official Hindi is written in Devanagiri script.

Tamil, the oldest of the Dravidian languages, is the State language of Tamil Nadu. Tamil literature goes back to centuries before the Christian era. The language is spoken by 74 million or more and judging by its modern publications, it is advancing at a faster pace.

Kannada, the official language of the State of Karnataka, belongs to the Dravidian family. Kannada, as an independent language, dates from the 9th century. It has rich literary traditions.

Malayalam, a branch of the Dravidian family, is the official language of the State of Kerala. It is one of the most developed languages of India.

Telugu, numerically the biggest of the Dravidian languages is the State language of Andhra Pradesh. Next to Hindi, it is the biggest linguistic unit in India.

My Wedding Reception Invitation

A HUGE DIFFERENCE TO THE INDIAN ECONOMY

Hi
 

U CAN MAKE A HUGE DIFFERENCE TO THE INDIAN ECONOMY BY FOLLOWING FEW SIMPLE STEPS.
 

Please spare a couple of minutes here... for the sake of India ... our country.
 

I got this article from one of my friends, but it's true, I can see this in day to day life,
 

Small example,
Before 5 months 1  US $ = IND Rs 39
After 5 months. Now it is    1  $ = IND Rs 50
Do you think US Economy is booming? No, but Indian Economy is Going Down.
Our Economy is in u'r hands
INDIAN economy is in a crisis. Our country like many other ASIAN countries is undergoing a severe economic crunch.. Many INDIAN industries are closing down. The INDIAN economy is in a crisis and if we do not take proper steps to control those, we will be in a critical situation.
More than 30000 crore rupees of foreign exchange are being siphoned out of our country on products such as cosmetics, snacks, tea, beverages... etc which are grown, produced and consumed here.
A cold drink that costs only 70 / 80 paisa to produce is sold for NINE rupees, and a major chunk of profits from these are sent abroad. This is a serious drain on INDIAN economy.
We have nothing against Multinational companies, but to protect our own interests we request everybody to use INDIAN products only for next two years. With the rise in petrol prices, if we do not do this, the rupee will devalue further and we will end up paying much more for the same products in the near future.
 

What you can do about it?
   1. Buy only products manufactured by WHOLLY INDIAN COMPANIES.
   2. ENROLL as many people as possible for this cause.
Each individual should become a leader for this awareness.
This is the only way to save our country from severe economic crisis. You don't need to give-up your lifestyle. You just need to choose an alternate product.
All categories of products are available from WHOLLY INDIAN COMPANIES.

LIST OF PRODUCTS

COLD DRINKS:
USE: - LEMON JUICE, FRESH FRUIT JUICES, CHILLED LASSI (SWEET OR SOUR), BUTTER MILK, COCONUT WATER, JALJEERA, ENERJEE, and MASALA MILK...
INSTEAD OF: -
COCA COLA, PEPSI, LIMCA, MIRINDA, SPRITE
BATHING SOAP :
USE - CINTHOL & OTHER GODREJ BRANDS, SANTOOR, WIPRO SHIKAKAI, MYSORE SANDAL, MARGO, NEEM, EVITA, MEDIMIX, GANGA , NIRMA BATH & CHANDRIKA
INSTEAD OF - LUX, LIFEBOY, REXONA, LIRIL, DOVE, PEARS, HAMAM, LESANCY, CAMAY, PALMOLIVE
TOOTH PASTE:
USE - NEEM, BABOOL, PROMISE, VICO VAJRADANTI, PRUDENT, DABUR PRODUCTS, MISWAK
INSTEAD OF - COLGATE, CLOSE UP, PEPSODENT, CIBACA, FORHANS, MENTADENT.
TOOTH BRUSH:
USE [UTF-8?]– PRUDENT, AJANTA , PROMISE
INSTEAD OF - COLGATE, CLOSE UP, PEPSODENT, FORHANS, ORAL-B
SHAVING CREAM :
USE - GODREJ, EMANI
INSTEAD OF - PALMOLIVE, OLD SPICE, GILLETE
BLADE:
USE - SUPERMAX, TOPAZ, LAZER, ASHOKA
INSTEAD OF - SEVEN-O -CLOCK, 365, GILLETTE
TALCUM POWDER:
USE - SANTOOR, GOKUL, CINTHOL, WIPRO BABY POWDER, BOROPLUS
INSTEAD OF - PONDS, OLD SPICE, JOHNSON BABY POWDER, SHOWER TO SHOWER
MILK POWDER:
USE - INDIANA, AMUL, AMULYA
INSTEAD OF - ANIKSPRAY, MILKANA, EVERYDAY MILK, MILKMAID.
SHAMPOO:
USE - LAKME, NIRMA, VELVET
INSTEAD OF - HALO, ALL CLEAR, NYLE, SUNSILK, HEAD AND SHOULDERS, PANTENE
MOBILE CONNECTIONS:
USE - BSNL, AIRTEL
INSTEAD OF - HUTCH
Every INDIAN product you buy makes a big difference. It saves INDIA . Let us take a firm decision today.
BUY INDIAN TO BE INDIAN we are not against of foreign products.
WE ARE NOT ANTI-MULTINATIONAL.
WE ARE TRYING TO SAVE OUR NATION. EVERY DAY IS A STRUGGLE FOR A REAL FREEDOM.
WE ACHIEVED OUR INDEPENDENCE AFTER LOSING MANY LIVES.
THEY DIED PAINFULLY TO ENSURE THAT WE LIVE PEACEFULLY. THE CURRENT TREND IS VERY THREATENING.
MULTINATIONALS CALL IT GLOBALISATION OF INDIAN ECONOMY. FOR INDIANS LIKE YOU AND ME IT IS RECOLONISATION OF INDIA ...
THE COLONIST'S LEFT INDIA THEN. BUT THIS TIME THEY WILL MAKE SURE THEY DON'T MAKE ANY MISTAKES.
WHO WOULD LIKE TO LET A" GOOSE THAT LAYS GOLDEN EGGS" SLIP AWAY.
PLEASE REMEMBER: POLITICAL FREEDOM IS USELESS WITHOUT ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE .
RUSSIA , S.KOREA , MEXICO ..........THE LIST IS VERY LONG!!
LET US LEARN FROM THEIR EXPERIENCE AND FROM OUR HISTORY.
LET US DO THE DUTY OF EVERY TRUE INDIAN.
FINALLY: IF U CAN'T GIVE UP ALL OF THE ITEMS MENTIONED ABOVE,
 GIVE UP AS MANY AS  YOU COULD FOR THE SAKE OF OUR COUNTRY.
We would be sending useless forwards to our friends daily.
Instead please forward this mail to all your friends to create awareness.
LITTLE DROPS MAKE A GREAT OCEAN

Lets Vote Walk campaign

Source : Bombay Times, The Times of India dt. 4/1/2008

         Our Country is heading towards the next Parliamentary elections in the coming months. Political Parties are gearing up and strategizing their campaigns. Every country will be watching the functioning of the largest democracy in few months. Is every Indian Citizen ready for the election ? Yes, each one of us is the key force who is going to decide the future leaders of our nation. Before we Vote, lot of observations, evaluation and  study is required.

         First Challenges, How many of us are really exercising the power of voting. It is the Birthright of every citizen in a democracy. In spite of all the awareness programs, even now we do not achieve 80% voting participation in most of the constituencies. Lack of our participation & involvement is the one of the major reasons. Democracy is alive only when weparticipate and fight, not when we watch. Let us initiate without giving up. As a first step, let us all register our vote and use our right in the coming Election.
 

         "Lets Vote Walk campaign" is one such campaign recently organized by TiE Hyderabad Chapter. JA Chowdary, President, said "We have a responsibility to make our society better for future generation; one of the most important commitments among them is to vote, which should not be disregarded." Create campaigns in your organization and encourage each one of your colleague to participate in the coming election.
 

         Transformations come through self responsibility and consistent efforts as we received our independence.

22 Reasons to go VEGETARIAN

22 Reasons to go VEGETARIAN   !

 

Vegetarian food is easy to digest

Consider making this healthy choice as one of your new year’s resolutions...

Stacks of studies confirm that a diet full of fresh fruits and vegetables and grains is your best bet for living a longer, healthier and more enjoyable life. There are literally hundreds of great reasons to switch to a plant-based diet; here are 22 of the best:

1        You’ll live a lot longer.

Vegetarians live about seven years longer, and vegans (who eat no animal products) about 15 years longer than meat eaters, according to a study from Loma Linda University. These findings are backed up by the China Health Project (the largest population study on diet and health to date), which found that Chinese people who eat the least amount of fat and animal products have the lowest risks of cancer, heart attack and other chronic degenerative diseases.

 

2         You’ll save your heart.

Cardiovascular disease is still the number one killer in the United States, and the standard American diet (SAD) that’s laden with saturated fat and cholesterol from meat and dairy is largely to blame. Plus, produce contains no saturated fat or cholesterol. Incidentally, cholesterol levels for vegetarians are 14 percent lower than meat eaters.

 

3         You can put more money in your mutual fund.

Replacing meat, chicken and fish with vegetables and fruits is estimated to cut food bills.

 

4         You’ll reduce your risk of cancer.

Studies done at the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg suggest that this is because vegetarians’ immune systems are more effective in killing off tumour cells than meat eaters’. Studies have also found a plantbased diet helps protect against prostate, colon and skin cancers.

 

5         You’ll add color to your plate.

Meat, chicken and fish tend to come in boring shades of brown and beige, but fruits and vegetables come in all colours of the rainbow. Diseasefighting phytochemicals are responsible for giving produce their rich, varied hues. So cooking by colour is a good way to ensure you re eating a variety of naturally occurring substances that boost immunity and prevent a range of illnesses.

 

6         You’ll fit into your old jeans.

On average, vegetarians are slimmer than meat eaters, and when we diet, we keep the weight off up to seven years longer. That's because diets that are higher in vegetable proteins are much lower in fat and calories than the SAD. Vegetarians are also less likely to fall victim to weight-related disorders like heart disease, stroke and diabetes.

 

7         You’ll give your body a spring cleaning.

Giving up meat helps purge the body of toxins (pesticides, environmental pollutants, preservatives) that overload our systems and cause illness. When people begin formal detoxification programs, their first step is to replace meats and dairy products with fruits and vegetables and juices.

 

8         You’ll make a strong political statement.

It’s a wonderful thing to be able to finish a delicious meal, knowing that no beings have suffered to make it..

 

9         Your meals will taste delicious.

Vegetables are endlessly interesting to cook and a joy to eat. It’s an ever-changing parade of flavours and colors and textures and tastes.

 

10    You’ll help reduce waste and air pollution.

Livestock farms creates phenomenal amounts of waste. The tons of manure, a substance that’s rated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a top pollutants. And that’s not even counting the methane gas released by goats, pigs and poultry (which contributes to the greenhouse effect); the ammonia gases from urine; poison gases that emanate from manure lagoons; toxic chemicals from pesticides; and exhaust from farm equipment used to raise feed for animals.

 

11        Your bones will last longer.

The average bone loss for a vegetarian woman at age 65 is 18 percent; for non-vegetarian women, it’s double that. Researchers attribute this to the consumption of excess protein. Excess protein interferes with the absorption and retention of calcium and actually prompts the body to excrete calcium, laying the ground for the brittle bone disease osteoporosis. Animal proteins, including milk, make the blood acidic, and to balance that condition, the body pulls calcium from bones. So rather than rely on milk for calcium, vegetarians turn to dark green leafy vegetables, such as broccoli and legumes, which, calorie for calorie, are superior sources.

 

12       You'll help reduce famine.

It takes 15 pounds of feed to get one pound of meat. But if the grain were given directly to people, there’d be enough food to feed the entire planet. In addition, using land for animal agriculture is inefficient in terms of maximizing food production. According to the journal Soil and Water, one acre of land could produce 50,000 pounds of tomatoes, 40,000 pounds of potatoes, 30,000 pounds of carrots or just 250 pounds of beef.

 

13       You’ll avoid toxic chemicals.

The EPA estimates that nearly 95 per cent of pesticide residue in our diet comes from meat, fish and dairy products. Fish, in particular, contain carcinogens (PCBs, DDT) and heavy metals (mercury, arsenic; lead, cadmium) that cannot be removed through cooking or freezing. Meat and dairy products are also laced with steroids and hormones.

 

14       You’ll protect yourself from foodborne illnesses.

According to the Center for Science in the Public Interest in the US, which has stringent food standards, 25 per cent of all chicken sold in the United States carries salmonella bacteria and, the CDC estimates, 70 percent to 90 percent of chickens contain the bacteria campy-lobacter (some strains of which are antibiotic-resistant), approximately 5 percent of cows carry the lethal strain of E. coli O157:H7 (which causes virulent diseases and death), and 30 percent of pigs slaughtered each year for food are infected with toxoplasmosis (caused by parasites).

 

15       You may get rid of your back problems.

Back pain appears to begin, not in the back, but in the arteries. The degeneration of discs, for instance, which leads to nerves being pinched, starts with the arteries leading to the back. Eating a plant-based diet keeps these arteries clear of cholesterol-causing   blockages to help maintain a healthy back.

 

16       You’ll be more ‘regular.’

Eating a lot of vegetables necessarily means consuming fiber, which pushes waste out of the body. Meat contains no fibre. Studies done at Harvard and Brigham Women’s Hospital found that people who ate a high-fiber diet had a 42 percent lower risk of diverticulitis. People who eat lower on the food chain also tend to have fewer incidences of constipation, hemorrhoids and spastic colon.

 

17        You’ll cool those hot flashes.

Plants, grains and legumes contain phytoestrogens that are believed to balance fluctuating hormones, so vegetarian women tend to go through menopause with fewer complaints of sleep problems, hot flashes, fatigue, mood swings, weight gain, depression and a diminished sex drive.

 

18       You’ll help to bring down the national debt.

We spend large amounts annually to treat the heart disease, cancer, obesity, and food poisoning that are byproducts of a diet heavy on animal products.

 

19       You'll preserve our fish population.

Because of our voracious appetite for fish, 39 per cent of the oceans’ fish species are overharvested, and the Food & Agriculture Organization reports that 11 of 15 of the world’s major fishing grounds have become depleted.

 

20       You’ll help protect the purity of water.

It takes 2,500 gallons of water to produce one pound of mutton, but just 25 gallons of water to produce a pound of wheat. Not only is this wasteful, but it contributes to rampant water pollution.

 

21       You’ll provide a great role model for your kids.

If you set a good example and feed your children good food, chances are they’ll live a longer and healthier life. You’re also providing a market for vegetarian products and making it more likely that they’ll be available for the children.

 

22       Going vegetarian is easy!

Vegetarian cooking has never been so simple. We live in a country that has been vegetarian by default. Our traditional dishes are loaded with the goodness of vegetarian food. Switching over it very simple indeed.

Member of Parliament (MP)

An Important Issue: MUST READ

Politics is not a SERVICE anymore but a PROFESSION!!!

An Important Issue!

Salary & Govt. Concessions for a

Member of Parliament (MP)

Monthly Salary :

Rs. 12,000/-

Expense for Constitution per month :

Rs. 10,000/-

Office expenditure per month :

Rs. 14,000/-

Traveling concession (Rs. 8 per km) :

Rs. 48,000/-

(eg. For a visit from Delhi to South India & return : 6000 km)

Daily DA TA during parliament meets :

Rs. 500/day

Charge for 1 class (A/C) in Train :

Free

(For any number of times)  

(All over India )  

Charge for Business Class in Flights :

Free for 40 trips / year

(With wife or P.A.)

Rent for MP hostel at Delhi :

Free.

Electricity  costs at home :

Free up to 50,000 units.

Local phone call charge :

Free up to 1, 70,000 calls..

TOTAL expense for a MP

[having no qualification]

per year :  Rs.32, 00,000/-

[i.e. 2.66 Lakh A Month]

TOTAL expense for 5 years :

Rs. 1, 60, 00,000/-

For 534 MPs, the expense

for 5 years :

Rs. 8,54,40,00,000/-

 (Nearly 855 crores)

 

AND THE PRIME MINISTER IS ASKING THE HIGHLY QUALIFIED, OUT PERFORMING CEOs TO CUT DOWN THEIR SALARIES.....

This is how all our tax money is been swallowed and price hike on our regular commodities......... And this is the present condition of our country :

855 crores could make their lives livable!!  

Think of the great democracy we have…

&

FORWARD

THIS MESSAGE TO ALL REAL CITIZENS OF INDIA !!

ARE YOU?

I know hitting the Delete button is easier...but.....try to press the Fwd button &

make people aware!

Clarity is power!!